西北地区原油库风险分析及安全度评价

Risk Analysis and Safety Evaluation of Crude Oil Depot in Northwest China

油品储存一旦发生泄漏事故,会造成环境污染以及十分严重的经济损失。以西北地区某油库为例,根据原油库划分各功能单元,将其视为子系统,对相关风险因素进行归类、分析,运用预先危险分析方法划分危险等级,对油库各项目进行分析后,确定出各功能单元子系统危险因素,结合安全检查表法对该油库进行了风险评价及安全度评估。通过计算分析得出:该油库属于基本安全型,原油泄漏引发的火灾及爆炸事故是油库的主要危险;油库的储罐组、输油泵房和计量间的固有火灾危险很大,须进行补偿计算。

Once the oil storage leakage accident, environmental pollution and serious economic losses will be caused.Taking a depot in Northwest China as an example,classified according to the functional units of the crude oil which is regarded as a subsystem,the subsystem of related risk factors were classified and analyzed, using the pre risk analysis method to classify the risk level,after analyzing the items of the oil depot,the risk factors of each functional unit subsystem are determined, and the risk assessment and safety evaluation of the oil storage tank are carried out by the combination of the safety check list method.Through calculation and analysis,it is concluded that：the oil depot belongs to the basic safety type,and the main risk is fire and explosion accident caused by oil spill;the inherent fire risk from the oil storage tank, oil pumping stations and measurement room is great, the compensation shall be calculated is necessary.