高位下拉力量练习中肩部肌群的表面肌电研究

SEMG of the Shoulder Muscle Group in the Strength Exercise of Lat Pull-down

以16名南京工业大学在校男性大学生为研究对象,采用表面肌电测试方法并结合运动解剖学的基本理论对8种高位下拉练习动作进行了量化分析。结论:(1)在高位下拉动作所有的握姿中,锻炼斜方肌最佳握姿是颈后正手窄握,三角肌后束最佳握姿是颈前反手窄握和颈前正手窄握,肱三头肌长头最佳握姿是颈前反手宽握和颈前正手宽握,背阔肌最佳握姿颈是前正手宽握,肱二头肌最佳握姿是颈后反手窄握和颈后正手窄握。(2)高位下拉练习中宽握主要锻炼背阔肌和肱桡肌,窄握主要锻炼三角肌后束和肱桡肌,颈前和颈后、正手和反手对锻炼的肌肉没有呈现明显规律性。所有握姿对胸大肌的锻炼效果都很小。(3)在进行高位下拉时应根据肩部肌群薄弱区域选择适合的动作模式进行针对性的训练。

Our study choose 16 healthy males as our research object, using sEMG, ccombining with theory of sports anatomy to analyze and evaluate 8 kinds oflat pull-down exercises. The conclusions are as followed： 1 ） In all the grip posture oflat pull-down, the best grip position for trapezius is the back of the neck forehand narrow grip, the best grip position for the back deltoid is the narrow grip anterior backhand forehand and anterior narrow grip, the best grip position for the long head of brachialthree muscle is anterior backhand wide the grip and anterior forehand wide grip, the best grip posture for the latissimus dorsi is before forehand wide grip, the best grip position for biceps is the back of the neck backhandnarrow grip and the back of the neck narrow grip forehand. 2） In the lat pull-down exercises, the wide grip exercise mainly builds up latissimus dorsi and brachioradialis, the narrow grip exercise builds up the deltoid after the beam and brachioradialis muscle, the anterior and posterior, forehand and backhand exercise showed no regularity on building up the muscle. The effect of building up the pectoralis major by all the grip posture exercise is little.3 ）In the lat pull-down exercises, the appropriate action mode should be chosen according to the weak area of the shoulder muscles.