成都市水发食品中甲醛含量及膳食暴露评估

Assessment on the dietary exposure and the formaldehyde content in soaked food in Chengdu

目的分析成都市水发食品中甲醛含量并对其风险进行评估,从而指导消费及监管行为。方法对全市范围内水发食品中甲醛含量进行测定,结合成都市居民膳食消费数据,计算成都市居民甲醛暴露量及安全限值(MOS),采用点评估的方法开展成都市居民摄入水发食品中甲醛的风险评估。结果水发食品中甲醛含量差异较大,平均含量(中位数)为0.7 mg/kg,最大值为2 400.0 mg/kg。采用平均暴露量的点评估模型获得的畜禽血制品中甲醛急、慢性暴露的MOS分别为1 500、5 000,而采用高端暴露量的点评估模型获得的甲醛急、慢性暴露的MOS分别为2.5、6.7。结论成都市水发食品中甲醛摄入的急性、慢性风险是可以接受的。但从整个监测数据也反应出水发食品质量参差不齐,甲醛含量差距较大,个别食品中甲醛含量远远高于平均水平,均需要相关部门加强监管。

Objective To investigate the formaldehyde content and the risk assessment of formaldehyde in soaked food in Chengdu,so as provide help for consuming guide and surveillance activities. Methods The formaldehyde contents in soaked food were detected in Chengdu. The formaldehyde exposure and the margins of safety（ MOS） were estimated with the inference of the residents＇ dietary consumption data. The health risk of formaldehyde in soaked food in Chengdu was assessed using spot evaluation methods. Results The contents of formaldehyde in soaked food were of great difference with an average content（ median） of 0. 7 mg / kg,the maximum value of 2 400. 0 mg / kg. The MOS of the acute and chronic exposure to formaldehyde in soaked food with averaging exposure assessment models were 1 500 and 5 000 respectively,but assessment models were 2. 5 and6. 7 respectively with high- end exposure. Conclusion The acute and chronic risks of formaldehyde in soaked food in Chengdu are acceptable. But the monitoring data also reflects that the soaked food quality and the formaldehyde contents are greatly different,with it of some solked food much higher than the average level,so the relevant departments should strengthen surveillance on it.