猿投神社的汉籍

Old Chinese Books Kept at Sanage Shrine

猿投神社是一所位于日本爱知县丰田市的古老神社,以保存古代汉籍写本而广为人知。该神社所保存的汉籍共计有八种,分别是《古文孝经》《春秋经传集解》《论语集解》《帝范》《臣轨》《史记》《文选》及《白氏文集》,这些汉籍写本皆已被指定为重要文化遗产。然而,这些汉籍写本在当时并非罕见的版本,而是极为普通的读本。日本镰仓时代以后,京都的学问逐渐影响至关东及其他地区,镰仓时代武家学问的精髓以金泽文库及足利学校的藏书为代表。不过,我们对地方寺院与民间的实际状况未必能够从上述藏书得到充分的了解。若欲探讨镰仓时代至室町时代初期汉学的平均水平、阅读内容及所使用的文本等问题,猿投神社收藏的汉籍写本将不失为宝贵的资料。

Sanage Shrine is an old shrine in the city of Toyota in Aichi Prefecture.It is well known that it houses a collection of old Chinese manuscripts of ancient books.The collection consists of classics such as：Guwen Xiaojing,Chunqiu Jingzhuan Jijie,Lunyu Jijie,Difan,Chengui,Historical Records,Wenxuan,and Baishi Wenji;they have been registered as an important cultural property.They are not especially rare;instead,these books are popular at that time.Nevertheless,each manuscript has an important characteristic：Guwen Xiaojingis the oldest copy among the many Japanese manuscripts of this missing work;Chunqiu Jingzhuan Jijie represents a title copied from a block print edition from the Song dynasty,and the manuscript itself is a traditional text handed down by the Kiyohara family;Lunyu Jijie leaves hints that allow us to use it as a reference material for the Yishu by Huang Kan;Chengui provides the date of the work and the annotator＇s name;Historical Records is a rare example of a historical text inherited by the Kiyohara family;two manuscript rolls from the book Wenxuan belong to the original version of Xiao Tong;Baishi Wenji,bound as a booklet,preserves only part of the″xinyuefu″style,and is considered to be a textbook copied by a student.In Japan,from the Kamakura period onwards,the learning of cultural capital began to spread gradually to the East and other areas.Kanazawa Bunko and Ashikaga Gakkōare typical of the learning centers developed by the samurai class during the Kamukura period.However,the situation in the local temples and among the people remains unclear.In this sense,the Sanage manuscripts can be regarded as important materials to study the average and range of literary activities in the local area,from the Kamakura period through the early years of the Muromachi period.