海底超导电缆交流损耗的抗损伤特性研究

Loss Characterization of Submarine Superconducting Power Cables with Partial Dysfunctions

海上新能源发电的快速发展急需大容量高效率的海上电力传输网络与之匹配。为促进海底超导电缆的发展,需要研究局部损伤对超导电缆的影响,尤其是对其损耗特性的影响。这关系到损伤是否会导致损耗骤升而冷却系统无法及时排出多余热量,进而导致低温平衡被破坏,超导电缆无法继续工作,甚至发生进一步大范围损伤。基于陆上超导电缆建立了包含单层到多层电缆的物理模型,并使用有限元方法分析电缆的电流分布、内部磁场分布和输电损耗。通过比较损伤前后电缆损耗特性的变化,分析并总结得出了最适宜用于海底输电的超导电缆结构。结果表明,在单根带材损伤的情况下,一层和二层电缆的损耗大幅度提升,而六层电缆的损耗不到5%。因此六层电缆较为适应海底环境。

To promote the development of submarine superconducting power cables,it is essential to investigate the influence of partial dysfunc-tions on the supercondncting power cable,especially to its AC loss characteristics. It is possible that the partial dysfunctions can cause fast and massive increase of losses in the form of heat,and consequently break the cryogenic thermal stability and drive cables out of superconducting state. Based on underground cables,numerical models are developed to simulate monolayer and multilayer submarine superconducting cables. Currernt and magnetic field distributions and AC losses are analyzed via Finite Element Method （FEM）. Re-sults show that AC losses of monolayer and two-layer cables increase dramatically with a single superconductor tape damaged,while AC loss of six-layer cables exhibits an increase of less than 5%. This makes six-layer superconducting cables more suitable for develo-ping superconducting power networks within marine environments.