我国部分城市水源水及末梢水中贾第鞭毛虫和隐孢子虫的污染状况调查

Investigation on contamination of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in source and pipe water from some cities of China

目的了解我国部分城市水源水、末梢水中贾第鞭毛虫和隐孢子虫(以下简称"两虫")的污染情况。方法于2014年丰水期(8—10月)、枯水期(11—12月)分别选取我国北、南、中部地区的哈尔滨、合肥、北京三地,对其水源水及末梢水进行了"两虫"的检测。结果三地丰水期、枯水期的水源水、末梢水中均有"两虫"的检出。60件水源水中,贾第鞭毛虫和隐孢子虫的超标率分别为10.0%和26.7%;60件末梢水中,贾第鞭毛虫均达标,隐孢子虫的超标率为1.7%;枯、丰水期水源水隐孢子虫的超标率均高于贾第鞭毛虫,枯、丰水期水源水"两虫"的超标率均高于末梢水。结论三地区水源水、末梢水中均有"两虫"不同程度的污染。

Objective To investigate the contaminaton of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in source and tap water in several cities of China. Methods The samples of source water and tap water from north, south and center of China（Harbin,Hefei and Beijing） were analyzed during August-October 2014（wet season） and November-December 2014（dry season）. Results Both Giardia and Cryptosporidium showed positive results in source water and tap water during high flow period and low flow period.Based on 60 source water samples, the exceeded standard rate for Giardia was 10.0%, for Cryptosporidium it was 26.7%. Based on 60 tap water samples, Giardia met all standard, while the exceeded standard rate for Cryptosporidium was 1.7%. For both high flow period and low flow period, Cryptosporidium had a higher over standard rate than Giardia, meanwhile source water had a higher over standard rate than tap water. Conclusion The source water and tap water in these areas have been contaminated by Giardia and Cryptosporidium at various levels.