膳食营养因素对氟斑牙的影响研究

Effects of dietary nutrient intake on dental fluorosis among children

目的了解高氟地区改水后儿童氟斑牙现状及膳食营养摄入情况,通过膳食调查探讨膳食营养素对氟斑牙的影响。方法于2014年在6个省各随机抽取6个不同水氟浓度且改水5年以上地氟病村进行了饮水氟含量测定、8-12岁儿童氟斑牙患病情况及膳食营养状况调查。结果膳食营养调查结果发现检出氟斑牙与未检出氟斑牙儿童在膳食钙、镁、铁摄入量方面差异有统计学意义。多因素非条件logistics回归分析结果显示膳食镁与氟斑牙的检出率之间呈负相关（β=-0.165,P〈0.05）,膳食镁的摄入量每增加推荐摄入量（RNI）的10%,氟斑牙的患病风险是原来的0.848倍（OR=0.848）。膳食铁与氟斑牙的检出率之间呈正相关（β=0.070,P〈0.05）,膳食铁的摄入量每增加推荐摄入量（RNI）的10%,氟斑牙的患病风险是原来的1.073倍（OR=1.073）。结论在总摄氟量一定的条件下除膳食钙以外,膳食镁与膳食铁是氟斑牙发病的影响因素,膳食镁可能是氟斑牙发病的保护因素,而膳食铁可能是危险因素。

objective To explore the effects of dietary nutrients on dental fluorosis of children in areas with drinking water improvement implemented. Methods Six villages with high concentration of water fluoride, in which drinking water improvement measures had been implemented for more than five years,had been sampled using multi-stage cluster sampling method. In the sampled villages, 10% of students aged from 8 to 12 had been sampled as respondents of dietary investigation.In this study, double-meal method was employed to collect nutrients intake for consecutive three days and Deans methods was employed to examine dental fluorosis. Results The relationship between positive rate of children dental fluorosis and nutrients intake such as dietary calcium, magnesium and iron, was found statistically significant. Multivariate unconditioned logistic regression analysis showed that dental fluorosis negatively correlated（β=-0.165, P〈0.05） with an increase of 10% of recommended intake（RNI） of dietary magnesium（ OR =0.848）. While the prevalence rate of dental fluorosis positively correlated with an increase of 10% of recommended intake（RNI） of dietary iron（β=0.070, P〈0.05）（OR=1.073）. Conclusions For a certain total fluoride exposure level, the result suggests that the magnesium and iron intake can be correlated to dental fluorosis. Dietary magnesium may be a protective factor of dental fluorosis, while dietary iron may be a risk factor of dental fluorosis.