不同孕周和出生体重的6个月龄婴儿发育行为状况分析

Analysis on psychological and behavioral development of six-month infants of different gestational weeks and birth weights

目的探讨不同孕周和出生体重的6个月龄婴儿发育行为状况。方法选取在马鞍山市妇幼保健院儿童保健门诊定期健康检查的3 157名6月龄婴儿为研究对象,在婴儿6个月龄时应用年龄与发育进程问卷中文版(Chinese Ages and Stages Questionnaires,ASQ-C)对儿童父母或主要带养人进行发育行为评估。两组间均数的比较采用t检验法,多组见均数比较采用方差分析。结果 6个月龄女婴个人—社会能区(PS)得分高于男婴(t=-3.901,P<0.01);主要带养人文化程度高的6个月龄婴儿的沟通能区(F=11.381,P<0.01)、解决问题(F=4.984,P<0.01)和个人—社会能区(F=4.273,P<0.05)得分高于主要带养人文化程度低者。不同出生体重6个月龄婴儿精细动作能区(F=4.463,P<0.05)得分差异具有统计学意义;不同出生孕周6个月龄婴儿精细动作能区(F=15.851,P<0.01)、解决问题能区(F=8.006,P<0.01)和个人—社会能区(F=4.493,P<0.05)得分差异具有统计学意义。结论性别和主要带养人文化程度影响婴儿的心理行为发育;出生孕周和出生体重高利于婴儿的心理行为发育。

Objective To explore psychological and behavioral development of six-month infants of different gestational weeks and birth weights. Methods A total of 3 157 six-month infants receiving regular health examination in Department of Child Health Care in the hospital were selected as study participants. Ages and Stages Questionnaires（ Chinese version）（ ASQ-C） was used to evaluate psychological and behavioral development of the infants by surveying the parents or main caregivers. t test was used to compare means between two groups,variance analysis was used to compare means among multiple groups. Results Personal-social functioning score of girls was statistically significantly higher than that of boys（ t =-3. 901,P〈0. 01）; the scores of communication,problem solving ability,and personal-social functioning of infants whose main caregivers had higher educational level were statistically significantly higher than those of infants whose main caregivers had lower educational level（ F = 11. 381,P〈0. 01; F = 4. 984,P〈0. 01; F = 4. 273,P〈0. 05）. There was statistically significant difference in fine motor score among the infants with different birth weights（ F = 4. 463,P〈0. 05）. There were statistically significant differences in the scores of fine motor,problem solving ability,and personal-social functioning among the infants born during different gestational weeks（ F = 15. 851,P〈0. 01; F = 8. 006,P〈0. 01; F = 4. 493,P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Gender and educational level of the main caregivers affect psychological and behavioral development of infants,gestational age and birth weight can promote psychological and behavioral development of infants.