分布式发电系统动态定价决策

Dynamic Pricing Decision Based on Distributed Generation System

智能电网的发展对传统电网的可靠性和经济性带来重大挑战,分布式发电系统在未来智能电网能源供应中将起到重要作用,其合理规划能降低系统网损、延缓电网建设。动态实时定价已经成为一个重要的提高智能电网效率的机制,在放宽管制的实际电力市场中,相互竞争多个电力供应商有可能同时存在。本文对具有多个分布式电源的微网发电系统进行研究,一个建立在微网系统内部电力需求基础上的动态Stackelberg博弈模型被构建刻画微网系统实时竞价和电力供应策略,得到使各分布式电源获得最大盈利的实时定价决策方案,并构造均衡有效性概念来体现均衡价格为所有分布式电源带来的最大总盈利与直接整合所有分布式电源带来的最大总盈利对比关系,最后通过数值例子验证所提出的定价机制的合理性与有效性。

The development of smart grid brings about significant challenges for the reliability and economy of traditional power grid. Distributed Generation will paly an important role in the future energy supply for smart grid, whose reasonable planning of power can reduce the network loss and delay construction of power grids. Dynamic real-time pricing has been an important mechanism of improving the efficiency of the smart grid. In a deregulated electric power market, multiple power suppliers can exist at the same time who compete with each other. In this paper, a microgrid with multiple distributed power generators is researched and a dynamic Stackelberg game model is formulated to study the real-time pricing and power supply strategies on the basis of the internal demand for electricity supply in microgrid. Eventually real-time pricing schemes is obtained to make all distributed power suppliers gain maximum profit, the concept of equilibrium efficiency is proposed to reflect the relation between total profit obtained by all the distributed power generators in the equilibrium and the maximum aggregated profit achievable in the microgrid. Finally Numerical example is presented to verify the rationality and efficiency of the proposed pricing mechanism.