经颅磁刺激技术的研究进展

Research Progress in Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Technology

电磁场作用于生物体时会产生一定的生物效应,这是生物电工领域的发展方向之一。经颅磁刺激(TMS)是一种无创生物刺激技术,它利用时变磁场产生感应电场,引起生物电流在组织中传导,改变大脑皮层神经细胞的动作电位,影响脑内代谢和神经电活动。TMS装置主要包括脉冲电流发生回路和磁刺激线圈,改变回路和线圈的参数可以产生不同形式的刺激,满足不同的临床应用需求。TMS技术发展30几a来,已成为神经外科、精神科等临床科室的常用诊断与治疗手段,在脑功能研究方面也展示出巨大的潜力。随着TMS技术的不断发展与临床研究的不断深入,TMS的应用将会越来越广泛。

When electromagnetic field acts on organism, it will produce some biological effect.It is one of the development directions of biological electrical field. Transcranial magnetic stimulation（TMS） is a noninvasive bio-stimulation technique, and it uses the time-varying magnetic field to generate induced electric field, causing bioelectrical conduction in tissues. Then the biological current will change the action potential of nerve cells of the cerebral cortex and will affect the brain metabolism and neural electrical activity finally. TMS device mainly consists of a pulse current generation circuit and magnetic stimulation coil. Changing the parameters of the circuit and the coil can produce different forms of stimulation, which can meet the needs of different clinical applications. With the development of thirty years, the TMS technology has become the common diagnosis and treatment of neurosurgery, psychiatry and other clinical departments, and it also has a great potential in the research of brain function. With the development of TMS technology and clinical research, the applications of TMS will be more extensive.