电磁脉冲的范数探测及其应用

Norm Detection and Application for Its Electromagnetic Pulse Study

电磁范数作为一种定量表征脉冲波形特征的工具,已被美军标和IEC等多个国际标准所采纳,可应用于高功率电磁环境效应机理和评估技术研究。首先简要分析了不同电磁范数的物理意义及其内在关系,然后介绍了基于高速数字采样与存储技术研制的范数探测器。范数探测器把测试信号直接数字化并存储到探测器内部,而不再需要传输线缆或光缆,其实时采样频率可配置为1 GHz或2 GHz,存储深度为4 k B,可拓展。编制了上位机数据软件用于在电脑上显示波形并快速计算给出波形的常用电磁范数。该范数探测器可以解决密闭腔体内耦合场全波形的测量,计算给出的电磁范数可用于效应的敏感参数分析和效应评估,以及响应定界、电磁辐射源的时间反演定位等领域。

Electromagnetic norm, as a powerful tool for the analysis the waveform characteristics, has been included in several international standards for the study of effects mechanism and evaluation. In this paper the physical meanings of different kinds of norms are discussed. A norm detector for the E-field measurement and norms calculation has been developed based on high-speed data acquisition and FPGA technology. The measured signal can be digitized and stored by the norm detector and then copied to the computer rather than transmitted by fiber optic link or cables to the remote area. The sampling rate of the norm detector is 1 GHz or 2 GHz and the storage depth of 4 k B can be extendable. The processing code was developed for the waveform display and the calculation of the commonly used norms in the computer. The norm detector is suitable for the measurement of the coupled field inside small enclosures or cavities. Moreover, the electromagnetic norms calculated by the code can be used to determine the sensitive parameters of the effects, evaluate the influence level, limit the upper or lower bounds of the response and locate the electromagnetic radiation based on time reversal method, etc.