发展中人口大国学前教育质量政策研究:基于印度、巴西的比较及启示

A Comparative Analysis on Early Childhood Education Quality Policies of Developing Countries with Large Population: Characters of India and Brazil and Its Inspirations

近年来,印度、巴西对学前教育质量问题高度重视,并通过制定多部重要政策法规加以保障与提升。印、巴两国学前教育质量政策制定的教育改革背景及其诉求不尽相同,但具有较为相似的社会政治经济宏观基础与学前教育发展困境。印、巴保障学前教育质量政策的重点集中在学前教育性质及其质量保障的重要性、强化学前教育质量保障的政府职责与增加财政投入、提高幼教师资水平、规范学前教育机构资质与保教质量标准,以及保障弱势儿童获得有质量的学前教育这五大方面,但两国的具体规定在侧重点上有所不同。同为发展中人口大国,参考并借鉴印、巴学前教育质量政策法规的特点与经验,对促进我国相关政策法规的制定与完善、提升学前教育质量具有重要意义。

India and Brazil are two main developing countries with large population in the world. Many important early childhood education（ECE） quality policies have been brought up in these two countries in recent years. This article compares the backgrounds, features of main laws and regulations of ECE quality policies in these two countries, and finally gets some enlightenment.