某公司职业机动车驾驶员代谢综合征及其影响因素

Metabolic syndrome and its influencing factors in professional automobile drivers in a company

目的 分析259名职业机动车驾驶员代谢综合征（MS）患病情况,并提出针对性的防护建议.方法 于2014年10月,选取某运输服务公司114名大巴司机、145名出租车司机为调查组,同时选择121名非营运工作人员作为对照组,均为男性;对两组人员进行健康检查及问卷调查,并对结果进行分析.结果 大巴司机和出租车司机MS患病率分别为17.5％、13.1％,明显高于非营运人员（3.3％）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.单因素logistic分析结果显示,吸烟、锻炼、每餐用餐时间和慢性病家族史的OR（95％CI）值分别是2.58（1.14～5.88）、0.21（0.10～0.43）、0.27（0.13～0.59）、2.26（1.13～4.50）,各个自变量指标组间差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;多因素logistic回归分析显示,在控制年龄后,吸烟为职业机动车驾驶员MS的危险因素（OR=5.25,95％CI：2.00～13.80）;锻炼和每餐用餐时间（20～40 min）为其保护因素,OR（95％CI）值分别为0.20（0.09～0.44）和0.13（0.06～0.30）.结论 职业机动车驾驶员的MS患病率高于非营运性人员,应引起作业人员的重视.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome （MS） in 259 professional automobile drivers,and to put forward targeted suggestions on protection.Methods In October 2014,114 male bus drivers and 145 male taxi drivers in a transportation service company were enrolled as investigation group,and 121 non-operating male staff were enrolled as control group.Physical examination and a questionnaire survey were conducted for both groups,and the results were analyzed.Results The bus drivers and taxi drivers had significantly higher prevalence rates of MS than the non-operating staff （17.5%/13.1% vs 3.3%,P〈0.05）.The results of univariate logistic analysis showed that smoking （OR=2.58,95%CI 1.14～5.88）,exercise （OR=0.21,95%CI 0.10～0.43）,meal time （OR=0.27,95%CI 0.13～0.59）,and a family history of chronic diseases （OR =2.26,95% CI 1.13～4.50） were associated with MS,and each independent variable showed significant differences between groups （P〈0.05）.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that with age remaining the same,smoking was the risk factor for MS in professional automobile drivers （OR=5.25,95%CI 2.00～13.80）,and meal time（20～40 min）（OR=0.20,95%CI 0.09～0.44）and exercise （OR=0.13,95%CI 0.06～0.30）were protective factors against MS.Conclusion Professional automobile drivers have a higher prevalence rate of MS than non-operating staff,which should be taken seriously by working personnel.