兴奋性氨基酸毒性与缺血性脑中风及针刺的调整作用

Ischemic Stroke,Excitatory Amino Acids Toxicity and the Adjustment of Acupuncture Intervention

兴奋性氨基酸毒性是脑缺血损伤级联反应产生,最终导致脑细胞坏死与凋亡的初始动因。针刺治疗缺血性脑中风的有效性在临床治疗和动物实验中都得到了肯定,但其作用机制仍处于研究与探索中。本文以谷氨酸为代表,通过总结针刺治疗对其离子型(NMDA/AMPA)受体、代谢型受体(mGluRs)和星形胶质细胞的干预作用,介绍电针抗缺血性脑中风兴奋性氨基酸毒性的研究现状,为深入认识针刺抗缺血性脑损伤的作用机制提供参考。

Excitatory amino acids toxicity is an onset causation of cerebral ischemia injury cascade reaction,and eventually leading to brain cell necrosis and apoptosis.Acupuncture is reported to be effective for ischemic stroke in clinical practice and animal experiments,but its mechanism is still under exploring.In this paper the authors introduce the research status of antiexcitatory amino acids toxicity effect of acupuncture in ischemic stroke animals by summarizing its effects on subunits of ionotropic glutamate receptor（NMDA/AMPA）and metabotropic glutamate receptors（mGluRs）,and on astrocyte activities.Results indicated that acupuncture intervention may down-regulate the expression levels of cerebral multi-types（NR 1,NR 2B）of glutamate NMDA receptors,up-regulate expression of glutamate transporter-1,NR 2A,cannabinoid receptor（CBR）type 1and 2,and suppress activities of cerebral astrocytes,reduce the content of extracellular glutamate to lower its toxicity and to improve stroke at last.The present paper may provide a reference for acupuncture research on ischemic brain injury.