均压环在高功率微波辐射天线窗中的应用研究

Application Research on Grading Rings in High Power Microwave Antenna Window

针对HPM(High Power Microwave)辐射天线面临的功率容量(即辐射窗在真空侧的击穿)问题,论文借鉴脉冲功率系统中提高绝缘介质耐压强度的措施,利用微波辐射场中,当细导线同电场垂直时不影响天线辐射场的特点,在辐射窗中引入了均匀环。结合BWO(Backward-wave Oscillator)器件输出微波特点(输出微波模式为TM01模),将均压环安放在含刻槽介质面窗口,均压环与电场方向垂直,设计了基于均压环的新型HPM辐射天线窗,结合CST软件仿真可知,这种天线窗并不影响天线的辐射。将其应用于BWO实验,实验表明:在束压1 MV,束流10 kA,效率30%时,同普通天线窗相比较,得到器件脉宽从40 ns变为60 ns的稳定微波输出。

Aiming at the power capacity problem in HPM（High Power Microwave）radiation antenna（vacuum breakdown of radiation window）,by using the measures to improve the insulating medium compression strength in pulsed power system for reference,When a thin wire perpendicular to electric field in power density of microwave radiation,the thin wire does not affect the radiation of antenna,so grading ring is introduced in radiation antenna window. According to output microwave characteristic（TM01mode）of HPM device（BWO Backward-wave Oscillator）,grading ring is put in grooved antenna window and is perpendicular to electric field,a new antenna radiation window is designed based on grading ring and CST simulation shows that it does not affect the radiation of antenna under given situations.The BWO experiment shows that the width of output microwave changes from 40 ns to 60 ns with beam voltage10 MV,beam current 10 KA,efficiency 30%.