中澳农产品贸易竞争性与互补性研究

A Research on Competitiveness and Complementarity of Agricultural Trade Between China and Australia

中澳双边农产品贸易增长迅速但发展不平衡,贸易以资源禀赋差异为基础,贸易集中度较高,中国作为澳大利亚农产品出口国的市场地位在上升。利用相对贸易优势、相似度、产业内贸易、贸易互补性等理论与指数工具,对中澳农产品贸易数据进行分析,结果显示,澳大利亚农产品对于中国而言相对贸易优势指数高,具有较大的贸易相对优势;两国农产品在世界市场上相似度指数不高,竞争性不强;两国双边农产品产业内贸易指数低,主要属于产业间贸易,产业内贸易互补程度低;澳大利亚出口和中国进口农产品的吻合程度高,两国农产品贸易互补性好。

The agricultural trade between China and Australia developed quickly but became unbalanced.Based on the differences of resource endowment, the trade has a high concentration ratio. China, as the agricultural export country to Australia, has the rising market position. This paper analyzes the data of Sino-Australian agricultural trade by making use of some theories and index tools, such as relative trade advantage,similarity, intra-industry trade and trade complementarity. The results show that the index of Australian relative trade advantage is higher than that of China. The similarity index of both countries＇ products is not high and not competitive in the global market. The index of intra-industry trade between them is low, mostly interindustry trade and the level of intra-industry trade complementarity is low. Products exported by Australia coincide well with products imported by China. The agricultural products of both countries complement each other well.