不同干燥方法对酸枣叶中核苷类、氨基酸类及黄酮类成分的影响

Effect of different drying methods on nucleoside,amino acids and flavonoids in the leaves of Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa

为研究不同干燥方法对酸枣叶干燥过程中内在质量的影响,采用UPLC-TQ MS法和HPLC法分别建立酸枣叶中20种核苷类和23种氨基酸类,以及黄酮类成分芦丁的分析方法,并探索不同干燥方法对酸枣叶中上述组分组成及含量的影响。研究结果表明本研究所建立的分析方法简便、准确可靠;所有样品均富含核苷类、游离氨基酸类及黄酮类成分芦丁,其中核苷类成分以磷酸化产物如胞苷-5'-单磷酸、腺苷-5'-单磷酸、鸟苷-5'-单磷酸含量相对较高,游离氨基酸类成分以脯氨酸、酪氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸含量相对较高;且所有干燥加工后样品其上述成分含量均总体高于新鲜样品。依据各样品中所测定成分的含量,采用TOPSIS分析法,对不同干燥方法干燥样品的内在质量进行了综合评价,结果显示以自然晒干样品和40℃热风干燥样品品质较优,而新鲜样品及70℃热风干燥样品品质较差。以上研究结果为酸枣叶产地干燥加工过程适宜干燥工艺的确定提供了数据支撑,也为叶类药材的干燥加工提供了借鉴。

To explore the effects of different drying methods on the quality of Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa leaf（ ZSL）,the methods for determination of 20 nucleoside and 23 amino acids as well as rutin in ZSL were established by UPLC- TQ MS and HPLC method.Based on the results,the effects of different drying methods on the above constituents in the samples were evaluated.The results showed that the analysis method established in this study was simple,accurate and reliable.All samples were rich in nucleosides,free amino acids and rutin.The contents of phosphorylating products,such as cytidine 5＇- monophosphate,adenosine 5＇- monophosphate monophosphate and guanosine 5＇- monophosphate were relative high in the nucleosides.For the free amino acids,high contents were found for proline,tyrosine and γ- aminobutyric acid in the samples.Also,the contents of these compounds determined in the samples after drying process were generally higher than those of fresh sample.Based on the contents of the compounds analyzed in the samples,TOPSIS analysis method was performed for evaluating the intrinsic quality of the samples dried by different methods.The results showed that the samples dried by the sun or hot air at 40 ℃ displayed better quality,while poor qualities were found for the fresh samples and the product dried at 70 ℃ with hot air.The above results provided the data for selecting the suitable drying process method of ZSL,and also could provide a reference for the drying process of leafy herbs.