肺癌患者围手术期并发症的危险因素分析和护理方案选择

Risk factors analysis and care programs selection of perioperative complications in patients with lung cancer

目的观察肺癌患者在围手术期的并发症发生情况,分析其高危因素,并探讨制订有针对性的护理干预方案。方法选取2012年5月至2015年5月间收治的的90例围手术期肺癌患者作为观察组,针对高危因素给予针对性的护理方案。选取2010年5月至2012年5月间收治的90例围手术期肺癌患者作为对照组,给予常规护理。分析围手术期发生并发症的高危因素。结果多因素Logistic回归分析,吸烟指数>400支/年、年龄>70岁、并发基础疾病、一秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)%<60%、一侧全肺切除术等因素是发生并发症的高危因素(P<0.01)。观察组有7例患者发生并发症,发生率为7.8%,明显低于对照组的21.1%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论肺癌患者围手术期发生并发症的高危因素为吸烟、高龄、合并基础疾病、FEV1%<60%,根据高危因素给予相应的护理方案,能够有效降低患者围手术期并发症的发生率,值得临床应用。

Objective To explore the occurrence of perioperative complications in patients with lung cancer,analyze its risk factors,explore and formulate targeted nursing intervention scheme. Methods From May 2012 to May 2015 in Huanggang Central Hospital,90 patients were given targeted care programs according to risk factors,as the observation group. From May 2010 to May 2012,90 cases of perioperative patients with lung cancer were regarded as the control group and these patients were given usual care. Risk factors for perioperative complications occurred were analyzed. Results After multivariate logistic regression analysis,smoking index 400 piece annually,and age 70 years,complicated by underlying diseases,forced expiratory volume in one second（ FEV1） % 60%,factors like side pneumonectomy and some other factors were high risks for complications（ P〈0. 01）. After surgery in the observation group,7 patients had complications,the rate was 7. 8%,significantly lower than 21. 1% of the control group,with significant difference（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusions The high risk of complications for lung cancer patients include smoking,age,underlying diseases,and FEV1% 60%. Giving appropriate care schemes based on risk factors can effectively reduce incidence of perioperative complications,which is worthy of clinical application.