国内外大学评价体系的发展比较与演进方向探析——第三方评价的视角

A Comparison of Domestic and International University Evaluation Systemand Development Orientation——A Perspective of Third Party Evaluation

选取有代表性的国内外大学评价体系,进行比较分析后得出:教育评价的不同取向表现为不同路径;对大学特色的评价侧重点各有不同;片面追求模糊性或确定性评价都曾遭到质疑;国内评价重视引入国际性标准,而国外评价趋向本土化,主张依据不同的教育诉求和文化评价大学。基于上述分析,对大学评价的演进方向进行了探析:教育评价的价值取向趋于相互借鉴以不断完善评价路径;投入、产出、效益相结合的综合评估思想逐渐显现;以关键指标评价大学发展特色,应结合教育诉求和文化背景进行;逐渐从片面关注模糊、主观或量化、客观评价,向二者的科学匹配转变,建立发展性评价。

Based on a sampled analysis to representative domestic and international university evaluation systems,this papermaintains that,different routes reflect different evaluation orientations.Though university evaluation systems differ in their focuses,pure pursuit of fuzziness or accuracy is equally questioned.The emphasis is laid on introduction of international criteria indomestic evaluation,while localization counts more for international evaluation,the latter of which demands different evaluationsystems for different education purposes and for differentcultures.This paper further probes into the evolution directions of universityevaluations.Education evaluation orientations point to mutual learning for constant improvements.Comprehensive evaluationprinciples gradually emerge,combining investments,productions and benefits.Key evaluation indexes must cover universitydevelopment characteristics,education purposes and cultural backgrounds.One-sided concerns of fuzziness and subjectivity,orquantization and objectivity,should be shifted to a scientific matching and balancing of the two,so as to set up developmental evaluations.