司马迁与“春秋笔法”

SI Maqian and the Spring and Autumn Annals

司马迁对孔子有种特别的崇拜,他撰《史记》自比孔子著《春秋》,《春秋》在他心目中具有崇高的地位。司马迁学习孔子以布衣之身敢为万世立法的宏伟气概,以及与之相匹应的"春秋笔法"。"寓论断于序事之中"就是"春秋笔法"在《史记》中的继承与发展。司马迁以"春秋笔法"书写历史,行使史家对历史的裁决权,并为此付出了沉重的代价。皇家的世俗权力与史家的历史裁决权力,进行着此消彼长的拔河式的较量,最终史权会从皇权的奴役下翻身。

SI Maqian had a special worship for Confucius,and compared his writing Historical Records to Confucius ˊwriting Spring and Autumn. Spring and Autumn had the lofty position in his mind. What SI Maqian learned from Confucius was Confuciusˊgrand spirit that dared to set up the cultural criterion for our nation,and the corresponding ＂Writing Technique in Spring and Autumn ＂.＂Lodging Judgment in Narrative＂ inherited and developed the ＂Writing Technique in Spring and Autumn＂. SI Maqian used＂Writing Technique in Spring and Autumn＂to write history,and exert his historian power to decide on history,and had paid a heavy price for this. Imperial authority and historianˊs historical authority had been carrying on the tug-of-war style contest, eventually historical authority defeated imperial authority.