受血患者输血前血清感染性指标的检测与分析

Detection and analysis on blood serum infectious indicators in patients before receiving blood transfusion

目的对受血患者输血前血清感染性指标进行检测与分析。方法选取2012年6月至2015年4月该院收治的5 790例拟进行输血治疗的患者,患者受血前进行常见传染性指标[乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)、抗丙型肝炎病毒抗体(抗-HCV)、抗人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体(抗-HIV)以及抗梅毒螺旋体抗体(抗-TP)]的检测。计算5 790例受血患者输血前各项感染性指标的阳性率、不同科室患者各项感染性指标的阳性率以及不同性别患者感染性指标的阳性率。结果HBsAg的阳性率最高,为18.2%;抗-HIV的阳性率最低,仅为0.26%;HBsAg与抗-HIV在妇产科中的阳性率最高,抗-HCV与抗-TP的阳性率在各科室中基本一致。男性受血者输血前HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-HIV以及抗-TP的阳性率都高于女性受血者,差异有统计学意义(Ps<0.05)。结论对受血患者进行血清感染性指标的检测非常有必要,能够有效阻断肝炎、艾滋病以及梅毒等血液传染性疾病的传播,保护广大受血者和医务工作者。

Objective To detect and analysis on serum infectious indicators in patients before receiving blood transfusion.Methods 5 790 patients admitted to the hospital from June 2012 to April 2015 to be treated with blood transfusion were enrolled in the study and underwent detections of various infectious indicators,including Hepatitis B surface antigen（HBsAg）,anti hepatitis C virus antibody（anti-HCV）,anti human immunodeficiency virus antibody（anti-HIV）and anti syphilis helicoid antibody（anti-TP）.The positive rate of infectious indicators in 5 790 cases of blood transfusion before transfusion,the positive rate of infectious indicators in different departments and the positive rate of infectious indicators in patients of different gender were calculated.ResultsThe positive rate of HBsAg was the highest,which was 18.2%.The positive rate of anti-HIV was the lowest,which was only0.26%.In obstetrics and gynecology department,the positive rate of HBsAg and anti-HIV were the highest,and the positive rate of anti-HCV and anti-TP were basically the same in each department.The positive rate of HBsAg,anti-HCV,anti-HIV and anti-TP in male blood recipients before transfusion were higher than that of female,the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）.Conclusion It is very necessary to detect the serum infectious indicators in blood recipients before blood transfusion,which can effectively block the spread of infectious diseases such as hepatitis,AIDS,syphilis and so on and protect blood recipients and medical workers.