内蒙古阿拉善骆驼生活环境水生双翅目昆虫种类调查

A survey of the species of aquatic dipteran insects in camel-living environment in Alashan of Inner Mongolia,Northern China

【目的】通过对内蒙古阿拉善骆驼生活环境中水生双翅目昆虫的调查研究,以明确其种类的组成和分布。【方法】于2014年5-9月利用网捕法,调查了阿拉善骆驼生活环境水生双翅目昆虫。对鉴定的吸血种类的COI基因序列进行了测序和分析。【结果】共发现水生双翅目昆虫21科41属47种,其中有16种为内蒙古地区新记录,12种为吸血种类,长角亚目、芒角亚目和短角亚目个体数量分别占水生双翅目昆虫总数的49.3%,43.5%和7.2%。分子数据分析显示,12种吸血水生双翅目昆虫的COI基因序列一致性在75.9%~97.3%之间,不同科之间大部分水生双翅目昆虫差异显著,科内不同属间差异也较明显。【结论】本研究基本上掌握了内蒙古骆驼生活环境水生双翅目昆虫的种类,特别是吸血种类,为后期骆驼福斯盘尾丝虫病传播媒介种属的确定提供了基础数据。

【Aim】The aim of this study is to investigate the species and the distribution of aquatic flies in the camel-living environment in Alashan of Inner Mongolia,Northern China. 【Methods】Aquatic flies were surveyed by sweeping nets in the camel-living environment from May to September in 2014. The COI gene sequences of blood-feeding spcies identified were sequenced and analyzed. 【Results】Totally47 species of 41 genera in 21 families of aquatic dipteran insects were found,among which 16 species are newly recorded in Inner Mongolia,and 12 are blood-feeding species. Among all the sampled species,individuals of the three suborders Nematocera,Aristocera and Brachycera accounted for 49. 3%,43. 5%and 7. 2% of the total individuals sampled,respectively. The results of molecular analyses showed that the nucleotide sequence identities of the COI sequences of 12 blood-feeding species range from 75. 9% to97. 3%,and significant differences exist between different families in the same order as well as between different genera in the same family. 【Conclusion】This study revealed essentially the species composition of aquatic flies in the camel living area of Alasan in Inner Mongolia,particularly the blood-feeding species,which may serve as the basis for the subsequent identification of the vectors of camel onchocerciasis.