Langacker主观性理论的贡献与不足

On the contributions and deficiencies of Langacker's subjectivity theory

本文在梳理认知语法学家Langacker的主观性理论的基础上,评述其功与过,以期为语言主观性的研究探寻新路。立足于认知语法的识解观,其主观性理论有力驳斥了客观主义意义观,从识解角度回答了语法的本质意蕴,并对语法化做出了认知解读。然而,在理论内部,还面临着主观性的非形式表征、主观性参数的模糊单一,以及表达式(成分)主客观性的差别问题。在理论外部,其前语言(认知)主观性的立场使得他忽视了概念内容中的主观性,进而错失了主观性的结构轴心,也在不经意间背离了语言直觉。

On the basis of a review of cognitive grammarian Langackers theorizing on subjectivity, this paper gives an account of its contributions and deficiencies, in an effort to shed light on new approaches to the study of linguistic subjectivity. Rooted in the construal view of Cognitive Grammar, Langacker s subjectivity theory serves as a vehement reaction against the objectivist view of meaning, addresses the import of grammar in terms of subjective construal, and gives a cognitive account of grammaticalization. Nevertheless, it is confronted with such theory-internal challenges as the non-formal representation of subjectivity, the vagueness and sparsity of parameters for subjectivity, as well as subjectivity vs. objectivity of different(components of) expressions.Taking a theory-external view, the pre-linguistic(cognitive) reading of subjectivity leads to the negligence of subjectivity embedded in conceptual content, hence the ignorance of the structural pivot of subjectivity, coupled with the side-effect of frowning upon language intuition.