大功率PEMFC空气系统电流跟随分段PID控制方法研究

Current Following Segmented PID Control of Air Supply System in Heavy-Duty PEMFC System

为优化大功率燃料电池系统空压机控制效果,基于离心式空压机系统模型,提出了大功率质子交换膜燃料电池(proton exchange membrane fuel cell,PEMFC)空气供给系统的电流跟随分段PID控制方法.该方法以离心式空压机响应特性为基础,以实际工作电流为跟随目标,在动态响应与稳态控制阶段采用不同的PID参数进行闭环控制,并进行了模拟仿真研究.最后,在实验室已有的150 k W燃料电池系统基础上的实验验证,模拟仿真与实验验证结果表明,仿真模型计算误差控制在5%以内,准确的反映了离心式空压机与空气供给系统的特性,所提出的大功率PEMFC空气供给系统的电流跟随分段PID控制方法不仅能够满足PEMFC电堆稳态控制要求,同时将动态响应时间缩短至3 s以内,控制效果良好.

In order to optimize control effect of air compressor in a heavy-duty fuel cell system, a current following segmented PID control method for air supply system in a heavy-duty PEMFC （proton exchange membrane fuel cell） system was proposed based on centrifugal air compressor model. The method selects different PID parameters in dynamic response and steady state for closed loop control, and takes actual current as following goal based on the response characteristics of the centrifugal air compressor. The control effect was simulated and tested on the 150 kW fuel cell engine system developed in our laboratory. Simulation and experimental results indicate that the computation error of simulations is less than 5% , indicating that the model can reflect the character of the centrifugal air compressor and the air supply system; and the proposed current following segmented PID control method can fulfill dynamic control of the air supply system with response time of less than 3 s and good control effect.