珍珠粉与珍珠层粉的氨基酸组成分析

Amino Acids Composition Analysis of Pearl Powder and Pearl Layer Powder

对30批珍珠粉与珍珠层粉的氨基酸进行测定,探讨其氨基酸的组成差异。结果显示:(1)淡水珍珠粉和其珍珠层粉、海水珍珠粉和其珍珠层粉中检出12种氨基酸,含量较为稳定,赖氨酸的含量最高,达654.5 mg/kg,相对于淡水珍珠粉和其珍珠层粉,海水珍珠粉和其珍珠层粉中未检出苏氨酸和脯氨酸,且精氨酸的含量较低,而酪氨酸的含量较高;(2)总体上淡水珍珠粉的氨基酸种类与总含量比其珍珠层粉多;(3)马氏珠母贝中总氨基酸含量是其他海水珍珠母贝中总氨基酸含量的2倍以上;(4)机械磨削角质层与化学溶蚀角质层后制的的马氏珠母贝珍珠层粉的氨基酸种类与含量均有损耗,后者损耗更严重。珍珠粉与珍珠层粉中氨基酸的组成与含量存在差异,可以为其进一步开发利用提供科学依据。

The objective of this study was to investigate the different compositions and contents of amino acids in pearl powder and pearl layer powder. 30 kinds of pearl powder and pearl layer powder were detected by automatic amino acid analyzer. The results indicated that：（1） Freshwater pearl powder and pearl layer powder, seawater pearl powder and pearl layer powder were detected 12 kinds of amino acids that the content was relatively stable and the highest content of amino acid was lysine which was up to 654.5 mg/kg. Compared with the freshwater pearl powder and pearl layer powder, the contents of threonine and proline were not detected in seawater pearl powder and pearl layer powder and the content of arginine was lower, whereas the contents of tyrosine was higher;（2） On the whole, the kinds of amino acid and total content in freshwater pearl powder were more than that in freshwater pearl layer powder;（3） The total content amino acid of Pinctada martensii was nearly two times over other sea mother-of-pearl;（4） The kinds of amino acids and content were great of wastage in the Pinctada martensii layer powder which was taken horny layer off by mechanical grinding and chemical corrosion. What’s more, chemical corrosion was more serious. According to the difference of the amino acids composition and content of various pearl powder and pearl layer powder, it could be used to provide a scientific basis for further development and utilization of pearl powder and pearl layer powder.