主观记忆减退者患轻度认知障碍的相关影响因素

Influencing factors of mild cognitive impairment in people with subjective memory complaints

目的分析主观记忆减退者患轻度认知障碍的相关影响因素。方法以疗养院60岁以上、有主观记忆减退主诉的疗养员为研究对象,采用蒙特利尔量表、简易智力状态检查量表、日常生活能力量表等进行轻度认知障碍的筛查,分为轻度认知障碍组和对照组(无认知障碍),分别对两组的性别、年龄、受教育年限、慢性病史、体育锻炼、吸烟、饮酒、社交活动等进行问卷调查并比较其差异,分析该人群轻度认知障碍发病状况及相关影响因素。结果主观记忆减退人群轻度认知障碍的患病率为71.15%(37/52)。轻度认知障碍组中,年龄≥70岁、受教育年限≤12年、有慢性病史、较少参加体育锻炼及社交活动者所占比例高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组的性别、是否独居、吸烟、饮酒等因素比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论老年人主观记忆减退与轻度认知障碍关系密切,在主观记忆减退人群中,年龄、受教育年限、慢性病史、参加体育锻炼及社交活动的频次等是患轻度认知障碍的主要影响因素。

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of mild cognitive impairment(MCI)in the people with subjective memory complaints.Methods Convalescents aged over 60 years old with subjective memory complaints were enrolled in this study.Montreal cognitive assessment scale(MoCA),mini-mental state examination(MMSE)and activity of daily living scale(ADL)were used to screen the participants with MCI,who were allocated into the MCI group.Those without MCI were taken as controls.The sex,age,education backgrounds,chronic disease,physical activity,smoking,drinking and social activity were compared between two groups;and the prevalence rate of MCI and its influencing factors were analyzed.Results The prevalence rate of MCI was 71.15%(37/52)in the MCI group.The proportions of participants aged≥70years old,education period ≤12years,with chronic disease,less physical activity and social activity were significantly higher in MCI group than those in the control group(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in sex,living alone,smoking or drinking between two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Subjective memory complaint is closely related to MCI in the elderly.In those with subjective memory complaint,age,education background,presence of chronic disease,physical activity and social activity are the main influencing factors of MCI.