教师需要分殊及其满足

Teachers' Needs and Satisfaction

教师需要有别于教师想要,教师需要是教师生存与发展的必需物,而教师想要则是教师的个体欲求。讨论教师需要必须区分教师基础性需要与教师发展性需要。前者是一个社会性概念,意指教师生存与参与社会生活的前提条件;后者是一个心理学概念,意指教师促成自我完善的主观要求。因此,基础性教师需要的满足是一个公共问题,而发展性需要的满足是一个持续的提升过程,他们之间有显著差异。

Teachers’ needs are different from teachers’ wants. Teachers’ needs are necessities for teachers’ survival and development, while teachers’ wants are individual desire. To discuss teachers’ needs, it is necessary to distinguish basic needs from developmental needs. The former is a social concept, which means preconditions for teachers to survive and participate in social life. The latter is a psychological concept, which means subjective requirements for teachers’ self-improvement. Therefore, satisfaction of teachers’ basic needs is a public problem, while that of developmental needs is an interactive process. There are significant differences between them.