感恩干预对暴力型犯罪服刑人员的攻击性和主观幸福感的影响

Effects of Gratitude-based Intervention on Aggression and Subjective Well-Being in Violent Criminals

目的:本研究旨在检验感恩干预对正在服刑的暴力型犯罪者的攻击性及主观幸福感的影响。方法:随机选取北京某男子监狱65名暴力型犯罪者,其中干预组36人,每晚接受细数感恩干预,为期5周;对照组29人,不接受任何干预。在干预前、后两个阶段,对所有被试使用感恩量表、攻击性量表以及主观幸福感量表施测。结果:控制基线水平,回归分析结果表明干预组后测阶段的感恩水平和主观幸福感均显著高于对照组而攻击性则显著低于对照组。中介效应分析的结果进一步表明,在干预对主观幸福感的提升效应中,干预后的感恩水平提高起完全中介的作用。结论:基于感恩的干预方式能够有效提升暴力型犯罪服刑人员的主观幸福感,降低攻击性,而且干预完全是通过提升感恩水平进而对提高主观幸福感产生作用。

Objective： The present research aimed to examine the effects of gratitude-based intervention on aggression and subjective well-being in violent criminals. Methods： A sample of 65 male violent criminals from a Beijing prison was randomly chosen as subjects. During 5 weeks, 36 of them were randomly selected to be accepted practice of counting bless on daily basis, and 29 of them in the control condition were not instructed to accept any intervention. All data were collected in two stages including pre-intervention and post-intervention via GRAT, AQ, and SWBQ. Results： Controlling for the level of baseline, the results of regression analysis revealed that participants＇ level of gratitude and subjective well-being of post-intervention in the intervention condition was significantly higher comparing to the control condition, whereas displayed significantly lower level of aggression than the control condition. Moreover, mediation analysis showed that the level of gratitude in the stage of post-intervention could play a complete mediated role among the effects of intervention on subjective well-being. Conclusion： Gratitude-based intervention could increase efficiently violent criminals＇ level of subjective well-being, while decrease the level of aggression. Additionally, the intervention of counting bless could exert effects on subjective well-being indirectly through nurturing grateful heart completely.