胡彬夏与“改良家庭”的女性论述——兼论“五四”新文学“家”观念的源流

Hu Binxia and the Female Statements of “Family Reform”: Along with the Origin of “Family”Concept in the May Fourth New Literature

清末民初留美女性精英胡彬夏,在担任《妇女杂志》主编期间,旗帜鲜明地提出了"改良家庭论"的女性论述。其中涉及到了改良家庭与改良社会、女子道德、女子教育以及儿童启蒙等方面的内容。"改良家庭论"不仅作为清末民初妇女启蒙思想史中独到的风景线,更为重要的是,同时隐喻了"五四"新文化中家庭与妇女、女性与文学、母亲与儿童等观念的源流。胡彬夏从"妇女启蒙"到"发现儿童"这一思想脉络,恰可为解读"人的发现"的演进轨迹,以及"五四"前后妇女与儿童的教育生态提供典型的范本。

Hu Binxia, a female elite studying in USA during the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, distinctively put forward her female statements on ＂family reform＂, involving the relation of family reform with social reform, female morality, female education and enlightenment of children and so on. ＂Family reform＂ not only became a unique landscape in the history of female enlightenment thought in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China, but more importantly implied the origins of such concepts as the family and women, the female and literature as well as the mother and children in the May Fourth New Culture. From the ideological thread of ＂female enlightenment＂ to ＂discovery of children＂, Hu Binxia properly provided a typical template for interpreting the evolving course of ＂human discovery＂ as well as the educational ecology for women and children before and after the May Fourth.