2015年4—10月我国主要暴雨天气过程简述

Major heavy rain events in China from April to October in 2015

利用日降水资料(08—08时)和常规天气图资料,以1981—2010年30 a平均降水量为气候态,统计2015年4—10月我国主要暴雨天气过程,概述各主要暴雨过程的重要影响系统、出现时段、范围及累积降水量。结果表明:2015年4—10月我国共出现192个暴雨日、41次主要暴雨过程;2015年总共有6个台风登陆我国,本年度全国最大日降水量(江西庐山,387.9 mm)由1513号台风"苏迪罗"造成,1522号台风"彩虹"为有气象记录以来10月登陆广东和进入广西的最强台风;华南地区暴雨过程频繁,其中5月该地区平均降水量是近40 a同期最多的,造成部分地区发生暴雨洪涝或滑坡等地质灾害;本年度过程累计降水量最大达983.4 mm,7月25—30日出现在广西东兴。

Based on daily precipitation data and operational synoptic charts, major heavy rain events occurred in China from April to October in 2015 were selected by comparing their precipitation with the 30-year mean value from 1981 to 2010. And a survey of the synoptic condition, rainfall duration, rainfall area and accumulative amount of precipitation of these events is presented. Results indicate that there were192 heavy rain days, 41 major heavy rain events, and 6 typhoon landfalls in China during the same period. In 2015, the maximum daily precipitation was 387.9 mm, which occurred in Lushan, Jiangxi and caused by No.1513 typhoon Soudelor. No.1522 typhoon Mujigae was the strongest typhoon that made landfall in Guangdong and entered into Guangxi on October in China, which broke the historical record. In South China, heavy rain events happened frequently, with the monthly mean precipitation in May being the highest during the same period of the past 40 years, which caused severe floods and geological disasters, such as landslides etc., in some areas. In this year, of all heavy rain events,the maximum accumulative precipitation was 983.4 mm, which appeared at Dongxing, Guangxi from July 25 to 30.