政治文化和现代社会的集体认同——读哈贝马斯近著两种

Political Culture and Collective Identity in Today's Society——A Study of Habermas' Two Recent Books

哈贝马斯关于集体认同的观点包括:1.现代社会的集体认同是做成的,而不是现成的。2.政治文化是做成现代集体认同的关键。3.存在着"以政治方式形成的文化"和"与政治物相关的文化"两种文化观。4.把政治文化理解为"以政治方式形成的文化"极为重要。5.影响政治文化形成的因素。

How to understand the collective identity in today’s society,or more precisely,how to understand the collective identity in national state and supranational state?These are questions that cause Habermas’great interest.In his recent works,Habermas manages to answer these questions.Firstly,he argues that in today’s society, the collective identity is not something which has been prepared for us already,but something we should learn to produce by ourselves step by step.Secondly,how can we produce this collective identity? Habermas tells us that the key is political culture.The collective identity in today’s society is quite different from the traditional society.It aims at the union of different peoples.Habermas argues that in fact we can hardly find any pure national state today.Even in certain so-called national state,language,culture,belief difference still can be found here and there,So it is the political culture which determinates the civil right of all those different peoples and makes them into one union.Thirdly,Habermas divides political culture into two parts,one is the culture connected with politics,and the other is the culture produced by politics.And the latter seems more important,for only depended on this can the supranational state be established and therefore the relationship between political culture and democracy can be understood.The next problem connected with political culture is about the factors which have encouraged the appearance of political culture.Here the archetype that Habermas puts forward is the political education in German after the Second World War.