历史必然性的可能及其限度——解读马克思给查苏利奇复信中的“遗憾”与“深信”

The Possibmties and Limitations of Historical Necessity——the interpretation of regret and conviction in the letter sent to Zasulich by Marx

马克思给查苏利奇的复信先后经历了四稿,最终还是很遗憾。其遗憾的表层原因是他不能对查苏利奇的问题给出一个简短而适合发表的答复;其深层的原因在于历史必然性的可能及其限度。正是历史必然性有其自身的限度,这就为马克思弥补其遗憾提供了可能;马克思对其遗憾的弥补是诉诸信念,并在有根据的信念的基础上现实地改变世界。

In response to the question raised by Zasulich Marx had written letters of reply for four times,but in the end he still felt very regretted.On the surface,his regret is because he could not give Zasulich a reply that was brief and adequate for publication.However,the deep-seated reason is that historical necessity has its own possibilities and limitations.It is these limita- tions of historical necessity that make it possible for Marx to make up for his regret.In order to do this,he turned to reasonable conviction,on the ba- sis of which we can change the world in a realistic way.