“历史主义”的五种含义及其评价

The Meaning of"Historicism"

历史主义是一个聚讼纷纭的概念。在本文中,德怀特·李和罗伯特·贝克梳理了"历史主义"一词的五种含义:(1)一种立足历史进行解释和评价的方式;(2)一种立足当下生活审视历史的方式;(3)一种观念论的哲学;(4)历史相关主义和相对主义;(5)历史预言。在作者看来,历史主义应该适用于其他学科而不仅仅是历史学,它不应包括第4条含义,由于历史主义者反对任何揭示或提供"规律"的做法,因此第5条含义也是站不住脚的。在综合了前3条含义之后,两位作者指出:历史主义是一种评价事物的哲学信念;是一种立足历史来理解或评价人类当下处境及问题的反实证主义和反自然主义观点。

The meaning of'Historicism'has varied greatly and has often been obscure,which is a'struggle-concept'.So,Dwight.E.Lee and Robert.N. Beck want to clarify its meaning in order.They have shown to us that there are five meanings in this paper.Namely:(1) Explanation or Evaluation by means of history;(2) Historicization of life;(3) Historicization of Philosophy; (4) Historical relationism and relativism;(5) Historical prediction.In author's opinion,historicism not only applyed to history,but aslo to other subjects.It should't include the 4^(th) definition.However,because all the proponents of historicism repudiate any seach for'laws'in the physical science sense,and hence deny that history offers a basis for prediction.So the 5^(th) meaning should be discarded too. After summerised the meaning in groupsl,2,and 3 above,the two authors insisted that historicism is an philosophy belief which evaluate the value of anything.Secondly,its an antipositivistic and antinaturalistic view that based upon the history to understanding or evaluating man's present reality and problems.