伽玛刀

Gamma Knife

γ刀使那些曾被认为不能进行手术的疾病,如某些颅内肿瘤和动、静脉血管畸形的手术治疗成为现实,给神经外科临床增添了新的方法。本文简要地阐述了γ刀的定义及其名称由来,说明了γ刀手术与常规放疗的本质差异;系统地叙述了γ刀产生及其发展的背景;从脑神经外科的特殊性出发,论述了γ刀的组成、剂量学指标、治疗程序、治疗适应证及治疗效果。最后,讨论了γ刀放射外科与人工手术的各自优势,强调了在γ刀治疗中所需注意的若干问题。本文说明,γ刀的引进和研制必将促进我国神经治疗学和立体定向治疗学的发展。

Gamma knife radiosurgery has made it realizable to operate on those diseases such as AVM and some intracranial tumors,which used to be ever considered impossible,and has promoted the world’s clinical level in the field of neurosurgery.First of all, gamma knife’s definition and its origin of the name gamma knife is brilliantly explained and the essential difference in treatment between gamma knife radiosurgery and conventional radiation therapy is pointed out.Then,the background of gamma knife invention and its history of development is systematically described from the point of view of the development of society and technology.Later,from the particularity of the neurosurgery of brain the composition of gamma knife, the dosimetry index of it,the procedure of the treatment,the indications of gamma knife radiosurgery and its therapeutic effect is all-sidely expounded.Finally,the various advantage of gamma knife radiosurgery and traditionally operative treatment is briefly discussed,and the several problems worthy of note during gamma knife operation were put emphasis on. This summary fully shows that the import and manufacture of gamma knife will certainly promote the development of neurotherapeutics and stereotactic therapeutics.