8种常用渔药对半刺厚唇鱼幼鱼的急性毒性

Acute Toxicities of Eight Aquaculture Drugs on Juvenile Acrossocheilius hemispinus

在19.5~21.8℃的水温条件下,采用静水试验法研究8种常用渔药对半刺厚唇鱼幼鱼的急性毒性。试验结果表明:8种渔药对半刺厚唇鱼幼鱼的安全剂量按从高到低的顺序依次为:霉菌净(4.437 1mg·L^(-1))、高锰酸钾(2.191 9mg·L^(-1))、虫菌特杀(0.945 5mg·L^(-1))、溴氯海因(0.657 3mg·L^(-1))、漂白粉(0.452 6mg·L^(-1))、敌百虫(0.303 2mg·L^(-1))、鱼虫敌(0.116 2mg·L^(-1))和硫酸铜(0.039 1mg·L^(-1))。溴氯海因、霉菌净、鱼虫敌和虫菌特杀等4种常用渔药的生产实际常用剂量均低于安全剂量,在养殖生产过程中可安全使用;高锰酸钾、敌百虫和漂白粉的生产实际常用剂量接近或高于安全剂量,在生产中应注意使用剂量和方法;而硫酸铜的安全剂量显著低于生产常用剂量,应慎用或避免使用。

For safe medical applications,acute toxicities on juvenile Acrossocheilius hemispinus of 8 drugs were determined in an aquaculture pond at the water temperature between 19.5℃ and 21.8℃.The results showed that the safe application doses were 4.437 1 mg·L^-1 for Mold Net,2.191 9 mg·L^-1 for potassium permanganate,0.945 5mg·L^-1 for Chongjuntesha,0.657 3mg·L^-1 for BCDMH,0.452 6mg·L^-1 for bleach powder,0.303 2mg·L^-1 for Dipterex,0.116 2 mg·L^-1 for Yuchongdi,and 0.039 1 mg·L^-1 for copper sulfate.The dosing commonly administered for disease treatment of Mold Net,Chongjuntesha,BCDMH,and Yuchongdi,are below,while that on potassium permanganate,Dipterex,and bleach close to,or higher than,the abovementioned safety levels.Consequently,cautions should be exercised on the application of the latter 3drugs.On the other hand,copper sulfate was frequently applied at a significantly higher level than the safe limit,and the practice must not continue.