井冈山区鼠类群落结构及其垂直分布的生态位研究

Community Structure and Population Distribution of Rats in Mt.Jinggangshan

对井冈山区鼠类组成、群落结构及其不同海拔的垂直分布进行了调查研究,结果表明,该区发现鼠类14种,可划分为黄毛鼠+黑线姬鼠、社鼠+针毛鼠+小林姬鼠、社鼠+青毛鼠、社鼠+大林姬鼠+小林姬鼠等4个群落。比较不同鼠类群落的多样性指数、均匀性指数、优势度、优势集中性指数和生物量,多样性指数和均匀性指数随海拔升高而增大,优势度、优势集中性指数和生物量以黄毛鼠+黑线姬鼠群落为最大;黄毛鼠和黑线姬鼠是危害该区盆地农作物的两大害鼠,社鼠、针毛鼠、青毛鼠是该林区主要害鼠。

The composition,community structure and population distribution of the rats found in Mt.Jinggangshan at different altitudes were studied.In total,14 species of the rats were found in the region.They were divided into4communities：（A）Rattus lossea Swinhoe＋ Apodemus agrarius Pallas,（B）R.niviventer＋ R.fulvescens Gray＋ A.sylvaticus Linnaeus,（C）R.niviventer＋ Berylmys bowersi,and（D）R.niviventer＋ A.peninsulae＋ A.sylvaticus Linnaeus.Their diversity index,evenness index,dominance,advantage concentration index and biomass were compared.The diversity and evenness indices increased with altitude.The greatest dominance and advantage concentration index were found in（A）community,which also resulted in the major damaging infestation on the crops,whereas R.niviventer,R.fulvescens Gray,and B.bowersion the forest,in the region.