杨木强化材质量增加率对挥发性有机化合物和甲醛释放的影响

Impact of WPG on VOC and Formaldehyde Emissions from Strengthened Poplar Wood

通过真空—加压浸渍方式将低相对分子质量脲醛树脂溶液浸渍到杨木中制作强化材,利用GC/MS和紫外分光光度计对杨木强化材释放的挥发性有机化合物(VOC)和甲醛进行定性和定量分析,探讨质量增加率对处理材VOC和甲醛释放的影响,并分析其作用机理。结果显示:烷烃和醛类化合物是杨木强化材VOC的主要组分,同时检测到少量的萜烯类、酮类和醇类化合物。树脂在木材中的浸渍程度影响杨木强化材VOC及甲醛的释放和力学性能;随着质量增加率的升高,强化材VOC和甲醛释放量呈现先增大而后减小的趋势,释放拐点分别为44.06%和36.35%;力学性能随质量增加率增加而增大,但当质量增加率达到49%以后,抗弯弹性模量和抗弯强度增加幅度不大。因此,在满足材料力学性能基础上,应综合考虑其环保性能和生产成本,从而确定处理材适宜的质量增加率。

VOC（ volatile organic compound） and formaldehyde emissions from treated wood were measured by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry（ GC / MS） and ultraviolet spectrophotometer. Impact of WPG（ weight percent gain） on VOC and formaldehyde emissions was discussed and its mechanism was analyzed. The aldehydes and alkanes were the predominant compositions indentified in the VOC emissions,although low amounts of terpenes,ketones and alcohols. Mechanical properties,VOC and formaldehyde emissions were impacted by the degree of impregnation of UF resin into low-density wood. Moreover,with the increase of WPG,VOC and formaldehyde contents were obviously improved at first. However,their contents began to decrease when WPG was over 44.06% and 36.35%,respectively. MOE and MOR were slowly increased after WPG reached 49%. Therefore,it should comprehensively consider the mechanical performance,environmental performance and processing cost to determine WPG.