戏曲艺术与中华美学精神

Opera Art and Chinese Aesthetic Spirit

戏曲艺术是一种凸显叙事性、表现性、综合性的艺术形式,具有写意性、综合性等美学特征。戏曲艺术与中华美学精神的渊源可以说是千丝万缕。文章从戏曲的诗性传统、戏曲的中和之美以及戏曲欣赏三个层面,探讨戏曲艺术与中华美学精神的关联。其一,要体验戏曲中的美学精神,首先应该是诗意,以诗意为感性特征的诗性传统成为联系戏曲艺术与中华美学精神的重要关节点。其二,中国戏曲中自然流露的物我合一、天人合一精神,共同参与、创造了中和之美的审美形态,这同样也是中华美学精神的重要组成部分。其三,中国传统知识分子的审美素养和审美心性在戏曲的文化氛围中被悉心滋养,中国文化恰恰因为这样的品格和气质而得以传承。戏曲的诗情画意、戏曲的中和之美以及戏曲的社会性痴迷,将使戏曲作为重要的传统艺术担当起重塑中华美学精神的重任。

Opera art is a narrative and expressive art form with simplicity, comprehensiveness and other aes- thetic features. Opera art and Chinese aesthetic spirit are inextricably related to each other in many ways. The paper discusses their relation from three aspects, i.e. poetic tradition of opera, the neutral beauty of op-era, and opera appreciation, all of which are the important parts of Chinese aesthetic spirit. To start with, the poetic quality is the first condition to experience the aesthetic spirit of Chinese opera. Secondly, the spir- it of regarding man as an integral part of nature is inherent in Chinese opera and plays a part in creating theaesthetic neutral beauty. Thirdly, the aesthetic quality and disposition of traditional Chinese intellectuals were subtly nourished in the opera culture, and in turn Chinese culture could be passed on because of such aesthetic quality and disposition. As Chinese opera has its poetic quality, neutral beauty and social populari- ty, it is such an important form of Chinese traditional art that it plays an essential part in rebuilding Chinese aesthetic spirit.