老年人体育锻炼行为与医疗支出的相关性研究

The Correlation of Healthcare Costs and Exercise Behavior of Older Adults

目的：探讨老年人体育锻炼行为与医疗支出的相关关系。方法：选取上海市60-79岁老年人1006名,其中有规律体育锻炼794人,对照组212人,采取医保账户数据采集与问卷调查相结合的方法,对被调查者锻炼前后的医疗支出进行比较和分析。结果：（1）上海市老年人每年医疗支出总体水平为（1111.39±1050.89）元;男性老年人60-64岁年龄段医疗支出非常显著高于55-59、70-74、75-79岁年龄段老年人（P〈0.01）,医疗支出随着年龄增加呈递减趋势;同性别比较中有锻炼习惯老年人锻炼前医疗支出显著性高于无锻炼习惯老年人（P〈0.05）;性别之间未见显著性差异。（2）锻炼前后降低幅度平均为487.15±589.46元,其中男性老年人为（473.50±548.55）元、女性老年人为（501.08±628.86）元。（3）影响老年人医疗支出降低幅度重要性依次为：每次锻炼时间、每周锻炼次数、年龄、每月退休金;周累计锻炼时间可以作为评价老年人锻炼效果的重要指标之一。（4）每周锻炼5次、每次锻炼60分钟以上、每周累计锻炼180分钟以上降低医疗支出效果显著。

Objective： Study the correlation of exercise behavior and the healthcare costs（ THC） of older persons. Method：1006 participants aged between 60 and 79 years were randomized in Shanghai,including regular physical exercise 794 people,controlled group of 212 people. The data from Medicare account and Questionnaire. Results：（ 1） THC of shanghai older adults was（ 1111. 39 ± 1050. 89） yuan / yr. The costs of man older adults 60 ~ 64 year old were extremely remarkable higher than 55 ~ 59,70 ~ 74,75 ~ 79 year old（ P 0. 01）. THC was reduced by the age increasing. THC of regular physical activity was significance higher than the non ~exercise people before exercise. Which had not the significance difference between sexes.（ 2） THC had been reduced（ 487. 15 ±589. 46） Yuan/yr after exercise,man older adults was 473. 50 ± 548. 55 Yuan / yr,and the women older adults was（ 501. 08 ± 628. 86） Yuan / yr.（ 3） The important order of affecting the THC was every exercise time,exercise times every week,age,retirement pension of every month. The accumulation exercise time of every week might be the important index to evaluate the exercise effectiveness.（ 4） Exercise 5times / week,above 60 minutes every exercise,180 minutes /week had the remarkable effect to reduce the THC.