重型液压设备本体结构的发展与创新

The development and innovation of body structure in heavy forging equipment

重型液压设备的性能是衡量一个国家大锻件制造业水平的重要标志,也是一个国家综合实力的体现。本文综述国内外重型液压设备的发展历程,重点论述了重型液压设备承载结构的发展与创新。由于液压机工作时是一个封闭受力系统,本体结构作为液压机的重要承力构件,均承受高负荷、复杂加载,由于质量大,制造难度也大。重型模锻设备从最初的梁-柱结构转变为厚钢板组合框架结构,再发展到粗螺栓预紧结构,以及螺栓预紧和钢丝缠绕预紧的剖分-组合结构,最近广泛采用的钢丝缠绕预紧的剖分-坎合结构,不同时期的重型锻压设备的本体结构的设计既受所处时代制造能力的限制,也具备不同时期的创新特点。缸梁一体式液压机作为一个创新概念的提出,也为重型设备的发展提供一个可供参考的思路。

By reviewing the development history of heavy forging equipment both at home and abroad,the development and innovation of bearing structure in heavy forging equipment have been mainly discussed in the text. As it is a close forcing system when the hydraulic press is working, the body which is the impor- tant bearing member suffers high and complex loading. It is hard to manufacture since the quality of body is big. The body structure of heavy forging equipment has been changed from initial beam-column structure to thick, steel composite frame structure then to rough bolts pre-stressed structure as well as the bolt pre- stressed and Steel wire wound pre-stressed sectional combination structure. The steel wire wound pre- stressed bumpy ridge joining structure has been recently adopted widely. The body structure design of heavy forging equipment in＇different period has been not only imposed by the manufacturing capacity of different periods, but also represented the innovative features of the different periods.Finally, the cylinder-crowninte- grated hydraulic press has been put forward as an innovative structure, which provides reference for the manufacture of heavy equipment