补水量对华北寒旱区甜菜生长、产量及品质的影响

Effects of Water Supplement on Growth,Yield and Quality of Sugar Beet in Cold and Arid Region of North China

为了明确遇旱补水对华北寒旱区甜菜生长及产量与品质的影响,采用隔行铺设＂压力补偿式滴灌管＂的方法设置供水梯度,研究了补水量对甜菜株高、根粗、叶面积、含糖率及产量的影响。结果表明,雨养甜菜田叶丛生长期有效补水量为15mm;与对照相比,遇旱补水5～20mm后叶面积增加3%～69%,产量增加14.4%～33.7%,水分利用效率提高1.02～1.15倍,甜菜含糖率却差异不显著。遇旱补水有效拯救与保障了甜菜的叶面积,叶源量的维持与增长促进了甜菜生育进程与生长中心的适时转换。干旱致甜菜全天萎蔫时补水,能够保障叶片遇水生长,使甜菜最终产量提高,而含糖率却不降低。

In order to define the effect of water supplying during drought on the growth,yield and quality of sugar beet in cold and arid regions of North China.The effects of water supplement on sugar beet plant height,root thick,leaf area,sugar content and yield were studied by using the method of interlaced laid pressure compensation type drip irrigation pipe and setting the gradient of water supply.The results showed that the long-term effective supplying water for the cluster rain-fed sugar beet field leaves was 15mm;Compared with the control,filling water in drought 5-20mm,the leaf area increased by 3%-69%,the yield increased by 14.4%-33.7%,and the water use efficiency increased by 1.02-1.15 times,but the sugar beet content had no significant difference.Filling water during drought effectively rescued and protected the sugar beet leaf area.It was important to water beets when dry,which guaranteed the leaf area of beets.Maintenance and increase of leaf source capacity could accelerate the growth.Watering the wilts beet could help the blades absorb water and grow rapidly.As a result,the yield increased while sugar content was stable.