脑瘫患者家属生存质量及所获社会支持现状的调查及相关因素分析

Investigation on the life quality and received social support of the families of children with cerebral palsy,and analysis on their relevant factors

目的通过问卷调查的方式,对脑瘫患者家属的心理状况及生存质量进行调查和分析,以期找到更为合适的处理策略。方法选取在笔者所在医院住院治疗的120例脑瘫患者的家属(2013年6月—2014年6月)作为本次试验对象进行相关调查研究。调查问卷共分为汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)及抑郁量表(HAMD)、生存健康调查分析表(SF-36)及社会支持评定量表(SSRS)四种调查分析表。分析HAMD与SSRS及生存质量的关系。结果120例脑瘫患者家属HAMA评分为(19.63±2.78)分,其中HAMD阳性32例(26.67%),阴性88例(73.33%)。HAMD评分为(20.96±2.45)分,其中HAMA阳性25例(20.83%),阴性95例(79.17%)。患者家属生存质量SF-36总评分为(85.96±3.47)分,SSRS总评分为(42.36±3.42)分。经Person分析SF-36总评分与多种因素,如社会支持总量、客观支持等呈明显正相关关系,且有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而与HAMD、HAMA呈负相关(P<0.05)。同时,根据Logistic分析,社会支持总量和支持利用度在脑瘫患者家属生存质量中起到明显的保护和有益作用,相反HAMD、HAMA等因素起到消极作用。结论脑瘫患者家属的生存质量与心理状况受到多种因素影响,其中社会支持等因素起到十分重要的作用。护士在完成对患者的护理工作以外,还应充分重视家属的心理状况和心理需求,在社会支持等方面进行合理和积极的护理干预,改善其焦虑情绪,提高综合生存质量。

Objective To investigate the psychological situation and quality of life as well received social support of the families of children with cerebral palsy,so as to seek optimum management. Methods The 120 families of children with cerebral palsy received investigation with Hamilton Anxiety Scale（HAMA）,Hamilton Depression Scale（HAMD）,Social Support Rating Scale（SSRS） and Easy health Survey（SF-36） from June 2013 to June 2014 in author＇s hospital. The relationship of HAMD and SSRS data were analyzed. Results In the 120 families HAMA score was（19.63 ±2.78） points,including HAMD positive 32 cases（26.67%）,negative 88 cases（73.33%）; HAMD score were（20.96±2.45） points,including HAMD positive 25 cases（20.83%）,negative 95 cases（79.17%）;the quality of life in the families had SF-36 total score（85.96±3.47） points,SSRS total score（42.36±3.42） points. The subjective support and the total amount of social support families etc were positively correlated with SF-36 total score by using person correlation analysis（P〈0.05）,while were negative correlation（P〈0.05） with HAMD,and HAMA. The total amount of social support,the support utilization degree were significant protective factor of survival quality,but the HAMD,HAMA,etc were the risk factors for the families through logistic regression. Conclusion In the families of children with cerebral palsy the quality of life and psychological status as well social support all result from multple factors,and social support is very important. Nurses should pay attention to the families of children with cerebral palsy,give them adequate and rational intervention to social support etc,and promote its use in the children with the disease so that to improve their anxiety and their quality of life.