Mn_3O_4的室温制备及其对高氯酸铵热分解的催化性能

Preparation of Mn_3O_4 Nanocrystalline and Its Catalytic Effect on Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate(AP)

以Mn Cl_2、Na OH、H_2O_2为原料,以十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)为分散剂,制备纳米Mn_3O_4。通过XRD表征产物。采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)和热重分析(TG)考查纳米Mn_3O_4对高氯酸铵(AP)热分解的催化作用。结果表明:在Mn Cl_2(0.25mol/L)用量100m L的条件下,制备纳米Mn_3O_4的最佳工艺为:Na OH(0.5mol/L)100m L;H_2O_2(2.5mol/L)14m L;SDBS(0.025mol/L)6m L;室温下,制备前驱物,对前驱物的热处理温度为300℃,热处理时间为2h,该条件下制备出的纳米Mn_3O_4的产率为77.50%,粒径为14.52nm。纳米Mn_3O_4对AP热分解的催化活性很高,可使AP的高温热分解温度显著降低,分解放热量显著增加,粒径越小其催化活性越高。

Mn_3O_4 nanocrystalline was prepared by MnCl_2,NaOH,and H_2O_2 as the starting materials and surfactant sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate？（ SDBS） as dispersant,and it was characterized by X-raydiffraction（ XRD）. The catalytic properties of. Mn_3O_4 nanocrystalline on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate（ AP） were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry（ DSC） and thermogravimetric analysis（ TG）. The experimental results indicated that the optimum conditions for preparing Mn_3O_4 nanocrystalline are as follows： At room temperruture,precursor is prepared by NaOH（ 0. 5mol /L） 100 mL,H_2O_2（ 2. 5mol /L） 14 mL,SDBS（ 0. 025 mol /L） 6mL; the precursor is calcined at 300℃ for2 h. the average diameter of the product. Mn_3O_4 is 14. 52 nm, the yield is 77. 5%. Mn_3O_4 nanocrystalline shows strong effect on thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate, it can decrease the higher thermal decomposition temperature of AP and increase the exothermic heat significantly,and the smaller size it was,the higher catalytic activity it had.