多年调节水库旱限水位优化控制研究

Optimal control of drought limit water level for multi-year regulating storage reservoir

在分析多年调节水库功能的基础上,辨析提出多年调节水库旱限水位的概念和内涵。基于最优控制理论和自适应技术,以干旱年份流域供水总收益最大为目标建立具有在线辨识、自动寻优的多年调节水库旱限水位最优控制模型,并引入人工鱼群智能求解算法,实现多年调节水库跨年度补水收益最大化和出库过程最优化。以黄河流域20世纪90年代连续干旱枯水时段为例,优化提出龙羊峡水库旱限水位控制方案,集成多年调节水库旱限水位控制策略。结果表明,通过龙羊峡水库旱限水位最优控制实施跨年度补水和蓄丰补枯,可增加干旱枯水年份的供水量,在一定程度上减轻流域旱灾损失。

Based on analysis of functions of multi-year regulating storage reservoir, the concept and conno- tation of the drought limit water level is proposed. Taking the maximum benefit of river basin water supply as goal during the dry year, the optimal control model of drought limit water level is established to realize the maximum benefit of multi-year water replenishment and optimum the water discharge process by intro- ducing of artificial fish swarm algorithm on the basis of optimizing control theory and adaptive technology, which has the characteristics of identification online and automatic optimization. The continuous dry year pe- riod in the 1990s in the Yellow River Basin is taken as an example to integrate the optimal control strate- gies of drought limit water level for Longyangxia reservoir. The results show that the available water during the dry years can be increased through implementation the multi-year water replenishment and storage wa- ter during high flow years to discharge water during low flow years by means of optimal control of drought limit water level, and then the loss of drought in the Yellow River basin can be reduced to some extent.