5种典型荒漠植物群落的物种多样性研究

Species Diversity of Five Kinds of Typical Desert Plant Communities

[目的]探究5种典型荒漠植物群落的物种多样性,为荒漠植物资源的保护和利用提供依据。[方法]通过调查古尔班通古特沙漠的5种典型群落,利用多样性指数、优势度指数、丰富度指数和均匀度指数研究荒漠植物的物种多样性。[结果]5个群落的丰富度指数(Ma)从大到小依次为白梭梭、白刺、柽柳、沙拐枣、梭梭;优势度指数(C)从大到小依次为沙拐枣、梭梭、白刺、柽柳、白梭梭;群落多样性指数(D)从大到小依次为白梭梭、柽柳、白刺、梭梭、沙拐枣;均匀度指数(Jsw)从大到小依次为梭梭、沙拐枣、柽柳、白刺、白梭梭。[结论]同时提高荒漠植物的丰富度和均匀度,可以提高荒漠生态系统的生物多样性。

[Objective] To explore the species diversity of five kinds of typical desert plant communities,and to provide basis for resources protection and utilization of desert plant. [Method]Five kinds of typical desert plant communities were investigated in Gurbantunggut Sandy Desert.Species diversity of desert plant was researched by using diversity index,dominance index,richness index and evenness index. [Result]Richness indices（ Ma） of five communities were in the order of Haloxylon persicum Bunge. ex Boiss. Nitraria sibirica Pall. Tamarix ramosissima Ldb. alligonum leucoadum Haloxylon ammodendron（ C. A. M） Bge. The dominance indices（ C） were in the order of Haloxylon ammodendron（ C. A. M） Bge. Calligonum leucoadum Tamarix ramosissima Ldb. Nitraria sibirica Pall. Haloxylon persicum Bunge. ex Boiss.The diversity indices（ D） were in the order of Haloxylon persicum Bunge. ex Boiss. Tamarix ramosissima Ldb. Nitraria sibirica Pall. Haloxylon ammodendron（ C. A. M） Bge. Calligonum leucoadum. The evenness indices（ Jsw） were in the order of Calligonum leucoadum Haloxylon ammodendron（ C. A. M） Bge. Nitraria sibirica Pall. Tamarix ramosissima Ldb. Haloxylon persicum Bunge. ex Boiss. [Conclusion] Species diversity of desert ecosystem is enhanced by increasing the evenness and richness degrees of desert plant.