德宏州外来入侵生物的分布调查

Investigation on the Distribution of Alien Invasive Species in Dehong

为探索外来入侵生物在德宏州分布的区域、传入时间、扩散途径、发生与危害现状、防治和利用情况,通过查阅资料、走访农林科技专家、调查区内经验丰富的农民、基层科技人员,以乡(镇)为单位,村为单元,进行野外实地调查,选取有代表性的入侵物种分布与危害的地段进行样方调查。结果表明:德宏州区域内分布有9个科15个物种,其中12种陆生植物,2种水生植物,1种水生物,分布总面积达5 042.64 km2;掌握了外来入侵生物传入时间、传入与扩散途径、分布与危害及防治和利用情况,其中,薇甘菊、紫茎泽兰、飞机草、福寿螺对农林生产危害较重,其他物种的危害与发展在可控范围内。

In order to find out the distribution,introduction time,diffusion path,occurrence and harm,control and utilization of alien invasive species in Dehong,by accessing to the relevant information,visiting the experienced farmer,domain experts and scientific and technical personnel,some representative sections of invasive species distribution and damage were selected for quadrat investigation,which used a township（ town） or an village as a unit. The results showed that there were 9 families,15 species in Dehong region,including 12 terrestrial plants,2 water plants and 1 aquatic animal of alien invasive species,total area was up to 5 042. 64 km2 in Dehong region. The introduction time,diffusion path,distribution and harm,control and utilization of alien invasive species were grasped,Mikania micrantha,E. Adenophorum,Eupatorium odoratum,Aced canaliculata would make a heavy damage for agriculture and forestry production,whereas the hazards of other species could be in the controllable range.