山西省7～22岁汉族学生1985—2014年身体形态特征分析

Dynamic analysis of 7-22 years old students' body shape features during 1985-2014 in Shanxi Province

目的分析1985—2014年山西省7～22岁汉族学生身体形态特征,为有关部门制定宏观干预措施提供参考。方法以1985年和2014年山西省7～22岁汉族学生体质健康调研数据为研究资料,对身高、体重、胸围3项身体形态指标进行分析。结果 29 a来山西省7～22岁学生城乡男女各年龄组3项指标均有大幅度的增长,城男、乡男、城女、乡女身高平均增长6.07,6.83,4.04,5.27cm;体重平均增长8.76,7.65,5.14,4.50 kg;胸围平均增长5.09,4.30,5.20,4.91 cm。3项指标增长高峰期和最大增长值出现的年龄除城乡男生体重推迟外,其他组别均为2014年比1985年提前1～2岁。男、女生成年身高分别增长4.22,3.27 cm,增速分别为1.46 cm/10 a和1.13 cm/10 a。结论 29 a间山西省7～22岁学生具有生长发育迅速、青春期提前、成年身高增长等特征。有关部门不仅要关注学生生长长期趋势对提高青少年体质健康水平的积极作用,还要高度重视高身材伴肥胖给青少年代谢综合征带来的危险。

Objective To analyze the 7- 22 years old Han students＇ body shape characteristic during 1985- 2014 in Shanxi province, and to provide scientific basis for making macro intervention measures. Methods 7-22 year old Han nationality students＇ physique investigation data in 1985 and 2014 in Shanxi province were taken as research object, three items of body shape index, height, weight, bust were research content. Results Three indicators had substantial growth in almost 30 years of Shanxi province urban and rural male and female students in every age group of 7- 22, height grew by an average of 6. 07, 6. 83, 4. 04,5.27; Weight grew by an average of 8.76, 7.65, 5.14, 4.50; Bust grew by an average of 5.09, 4.30, 5.20, 4.91. Except males＇ weight were delayed in growth peak and maximum growth value, other age groups appeared ahead of age 1-2 years old in 2014 than in 1985, and this was long-term trend which tended to slow down. Male, female adult height grew 4.22 and 3.27 cm respectively,the growth rate was respectively 1.46 and 1.13 cm every 10 years. Conclusion The related departments should not only pay atterntion to the trend of the positive role of improving the level of physical health of children and adolescents, but also should be highly concerned about the risk high stature with adolescents＇ metabolic obesity syndrome disease brings for adolescents＇ metabolic syndrome.