南水北调陕西水源区水土保持效益评价

Evaluation of Benefit of Soil and Water Conservation in Water Source Area of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in Shaanxi Province

以陕西水源区为对象,运用因子分析法和专家咨询法从基础效益、生态效益、经济效益和社会效益4个方面构建了水土保持效益评价体系,并基于改进的层次分析法确定各指标权重,运用模糊综合评价法衡量了水土保持项目效果。结果表明:总体来看,水土保持项目改善了陕西水源区整体质量,但在不同效益之间存在差异。基础效益方面表现最优,治理度、土地利用率、道路硬化率等有大幅提升;生态和经济效益方面表现次之,森林覆盖率、环境质量提高率和资金产投比等提升不够明显;经济和社会效益还有很大发展空间,项目对受教育程度、农产品商品率等拉动不足。该研究为南水北调工程水土保持项目的进一步实施提供了科学依据。

Taking the water source area in Shaanxi Province as the site and applying factor analysis method and expert consultation method,we built an evaluation system for water and soil conservation in four aspects：basic benefits,ecological benefits,economic benefits,and social benefits.In addition,the index weight is determined on the basis of improved analytical hierarchy process,and the outcome of water and soil conservation project is measured by vague comprehensive evaluation method.Results show that the soil and water conservation project has improved the overall quality of the water source area in Shaanxi Province.But there are differences between benefits.Basic benefits show optimal performance with a dramatical increase in governing force,land utilization rate,road-hardening rate and so on.Ecological and economic benefits come in second due to obvious insufficient increase in forest coverage rate,environmental quality improvement rate,and capital ratio.There is still large development potential for social benefits.The project doesn′t show enough boosting effect on educational degree and marketable agricultural products.The study can provide scientific basis for further implementation of soil and water conservation project in South-to-North Water Diversion Project.