跨境电子消费合同中消费者保护制度研究——兼评《跨太平洋伙伴关系协定》线上消费者保护

Consumer Protection in Cross-border Electronic Contract——Online Consumer Protection in TPP

20世纪末的信息革命带来了跨境贸易模式的变革,即从传统跨境贸易模式发展到了当前的跨境电子商务模式。不同的贸易模式需要与之相匹配的法律监管,而在国际组织和国内法中只有欧盟对跨境电子消费者保护问题进行了较为完善的规定,其余国际协定尚无对此进行完善规制者。被公认为高标准的《跨太平洋伙伴关系协定》(TPP)尽管对消费者保护问题有专章规定,但其涉及线上消费者保护的相关条款和规定内容过于简单,不成体系,保护制度缺失,缺乏争议解决机制,亦存在缺陷。为推动电子消费可持续发展,保护消费者信心,必须完善跨境电子消费合同消费者保护制度,建立事前保护机制、事中消费者个人信息保护制度及事后争议解决机制。

Information revolution in the end of 20th century brought cross-border trade with reform, namely the transformation from traditional cross-border trade to cross-border electronic commerce. Different trade patterns need different matched laws and regulations. However the regulations of international organizations and national laws are incomplete except of EU. Though there are some special regulations on consumer protection in TPP, which is viewed as a regulation system with high standard, the online consumer protection related regulations are too simple, and there is the lack of mechanism of dispute resolution. To guarantee the sustainable development of e-consumption and maintain consumer confidence, we have to perfect consumer protection related system for cross-border electronic contract, formulate ex ante protection mechanism, interim protection mechanism for consumer confidence, and ex post dispute resolution mechanism.