20世纪阳明后学研究的三种进路——兼论阳明学的基本走向

The Three Approaches in the Research of Yang Ming Hou Xue in the 20th Century——With the Basic Trends of Yangming Study Discussed

阳明后学是宋明理学中的一大版块,对其流派的分疏在学界争议颇多。牟宗三、钱穆和冈田武彦分别代表了20世纪王学研究的三种不同进路。"见在、现成派""归寂派"和"守成派"是晚明王学真实走向中最重要的三系。它们既无形中制约了上述三种富有特色的研究进路,又影响了对其自身走向进行价值定位的思考视角。从阳明后学思想史的三系走向,到20世纪王学研究的三种进路,再到对后学流派的评价思考,恰构成了儒学思想的继承与发展所依赖的"解读"与"诠释"的辩证关系,从而为阳明后学的研究提供了深沉的历史经验。

YangMingHouXue, the study of Yangming theory, is an important part of Neo - Confucianism, on which controversy remains in how to clarifyit. The three approaches to the study in the 20th century were represented by Mou Zongsan, Qian Mu and Gangtian - wuyan respectively. In fact, there were three most important schools of YangMingHouXuein the late Ming dynasty, namely, ＂the Present or Ready - made faction＂, ＂the Silence faction＂, and ＂the Orthodox faction＂. Virtually, they have not only restricted the above - mentioned three distinctive approaches to Yangming study, but also exerted influence on their own fu- ture tendency in value orientation. From the three trends of Yangming study to the three approaches in the 20th century and the evaluation and reflection on them, we can see clearly the dialectical relations between ＂reading＂ and ＂interpretation＂ of Yang- ming theory, on which the inheritance and development of Confucianism are based. They also provide deep historical experience for the late Yangming study.